Overview
Symptoms
A bunion is a deformity of the joint of the big toe that causes it to point towards the other toes on the same foot. This may force the foot bone attached to it to stick outwards.
Other symptoms may include:
- pain and swelling over your big toe joint that’s made worse by pressure from wearing shoes
- hard, callused and red skin caused by your big toe and second toe overlapping
- sore skin over the top of the bunion
- changes to the shape of your foot, making it difficult to find shoes that fit
Symptoms can get worse if the bunion is left untreated, so it’s best to see a podiatrist or GP.
Causes
The exact cause of bunions is unknown but possible causes my include:
- A family history of bunions
- Arthritis
- Other conditions and syndromes – such as cerebral palsy and Marfan syndrome
- Poorly fitting shoes
Treatment
A bunion may only need to be treated if it’s severe and is causing significant pain and discomfort. Non-surgical treatments can ease the pain and discomfort caused by a bunion.
These include:
- Painkillers
- Bunion pads
- Orthotics
- Wearing suitable footwear
Surgery is the only way to correct a bunion. Surgery may be considered if your symptoms are severe and don’t respond to non-surgical treatments.